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The effect of communicative context on children's drawings was examined in three studies aimed at demonstrating (a) if, and at what age, specific requests induce children to draw human figures in profile without models and (b) which pictorial strategies are used at different ages. In Study 1, the McNemar test was used to compare the number of profiles in (a) drawings of a person and (b) drawings of a walking person, both made by 96 children (4 to 11 years old). In Study 2, the chi-square test was used to compare drawings of two friends made by 80 children (5 to 8 years old) and drawings of two quarreling friends made by a different sample of the same number of children of the same age. These studies showed an increasing use of profiles with age, and profile drawings appeared at earlier ages when the children were asked to draw two interacting persons, rather than to illustrate an individual action (walking). Study 3 applied factor analyses to the pictorial elements used to represent head, torso, and pelvis and legs of the walking figure drawn by the children in Study 1, and analyses of variance were used to compare the factorial scores obtained by children at the various ages. The results showed a clear shift from primitive to elaborated design strategies in children's choices and combinations of pictorial elements.
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