Stigmatization, social distance and exclusion because of mental illness: The individual with mental illness as a ‘stranger’

Anja Esther Baumann

159 citations0/0 files storedInternational Review of Psychiatry

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Mental Health Treatment and Access Psychology and Mental Health Mental Health and Psychiatry

Abstract

The stigma attached to mental illness often leads to underestimation, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of mental disorders. A lack of knowledge of causes, symptoms and treatment options of mental disorders in the public and a lack of personal contact with affected individuals can result in prejudices and negative attitudes towards them-and subsequently in stigmatization and discrimination. Human beings suffering from mental illness often are recognized as 'strangers'. But, social-psychological and philosophical analysis of the recognition of 'strangeness' in mentally ill individuals as one of the main predictors for social distance towards them, shows, that the other person only remains a stranger if the available cognitive patterns of interpretation fail. Society must provide the people living in it with the interpretational patterns to take away the recognized strangeness from mentally ill persons and thus making him, or her, an accepted other member.

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References

2001Conceptualizing Stigma 2003Familiarity with mental illness and social distance from people with schizophrenia and major depression: testing a model using data from a representative population survey 2005Reducing the Stigma of Mental Illness 2004Factors Influencing Social Distance Toward People with Mental Illness 2006Do mental health professionals stigmatize their patients?2002Iatrogenic stigma of mental illness 2004The Relationship Between Public Causal Beliefs and Social Distance Toward Mentally Ill People 2005Labeling—stereotype—discrimination

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