Detection of Differential Item Functioning in Multiple Groups

Seock‐Ho Kim · Allan S. Cohen · T. Park

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Educational Assessment and Pedagogy Educational Technology and Assessment

Abstract

Detection of differential item functioning (DIF) is most often done between two groups of examinees under item response theory. It is sometimes important, however, to determine whether DIF is present in more than two groups. In this article we present a method for detection of DIF in multiple groups. The method is closely related to Lard's chi‐square for comparing vectors of item parameters estimated in two groups. An example using real data is provided.

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2013Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences 1969Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores 1961Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests 2012Applications of Item Response Theory To Practical Testing Problems 1989Educational measurement, 3rd ed.1968ESTIMATION OF LATENT ABILITY USING A RESPONSE PATTERN OF GRADED SCORES1 1981Marginal Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Item Parameters: Application of an EM Algorithm 1969Estimation of Latent Ability Using a Response Pattern of Graded Scores

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2000Does computerizing paper-and-pencil job attitude scales make a difference? New IRT analyses offer insight.2010Using Mixed-Measurement Item Response Theory With Covariates (MM-IRT-C) to Ascertain Observed and Unobserved Measurement Equivalence 2019A Reexamination of Lord’s Wald Test for Differential Item Functioning Using Item Response Theory and Modern Error Estimation 2011A Generalized Logistic Regression Procedure to Detect Differential Item Functioning Among Multiple Groups 2010Improvement in Detection of Differential Item Functioning Using a Mixture Item Response Theory Model

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