Development and Initial Validation of a Measure of Academic Hardiness

Lois A. Benishek · Frederick G. Lopez

86 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Career Assessment

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Education, Achievement, and Giftedness Career Development and Diversity Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation

Abstract

Drawing upon hardiness theory and research on academic motivation we developed and administered a measure of academic hardiness to a large sample of high school students. In line with theory- and research-derived expectations, results of both principal axis factor analyses (PAF) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) yielded support for a three-factor model of the construct. Supplemental analyses indicated that, after controlling for general academic self-concept, the challenge subscale of our novel measure differentiated students who pursued more difficult academic coursework and educational plans from those who did not.

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References

1990Comparative fit indexes in structural models.1980Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures.1988A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.1986Motivational processes affecting learning.1979Stressful life events, personality, and health: An inquiry into hardiness.1985Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept: First- and higher order factor models and their invariance across groups.1991Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes 1988Goals: An approach to motivation and achievement.

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