Understanding inference as a source of knowledge: Children's ability to evaluate the certainty of deduction, perception, and guessing.

Bradford H. Pillow · Valerie Hill · April Boyce

118 citations0/0 files storedDevelopmental Psychology

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Child and Animal Learning Development Science Education and Pedagogy Language Development and Disorders

Abstract

Three experiments investigated children's understanding of inference as a source of knowledge. Children observed a puppet make a statement about the color of one of two hidden toys after the puppet (a) looked directly at the toy (looking), (b) looked at the other toy (inference), or (c) looked at neither toy (guessing). Most 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds did not rate the puppet as being more certain of the toy's color after the puppet looked directly at it or inferred its color than they did after the puppet guessed its color. Most 8 and 9-year-olds distinguished inference and looking from guessing. The tendency to explain the puppet's knowledge by referring to inference increased with age. Children who referred to inference in their explanations were more likely to judge deductive inference as more certain than guessing.

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References

1990Young Children Understand That Looking Leads to Knowing (So Long as They Are Looking into a Single Barrel)1988Knowing How You Know: Young Children's Ability to Identify and Remember the Sources of Their Beliefs 1996On the Distinction between False Belief Understanding and Subscribing to an Interpretive Theory of Mind 1989Early understanding of perception as a source of knowledge 1993On understanding the nature of scientific knowledge 1991Young Children's Differentiation of Hypothetical Beliefs from Evidence 1990Children's Understanding of the Modal Expression of Speaker Certainty and Uncertainty and Its Relation to the Development of a Representational Theory of Mind 1987Children's Understanding of Inference as a Source of Knowledge

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2015The Acquisition of Evidentiality and Source Monitoring 2012Escape From Metaignorance: How Children Develop an Understanding of Their Own Lack of Knowledge 2004: From inference to reasoning: The construction of rationality 2016Production–comprehension asymmetries and the acquisition of evidential morphology 2003

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