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Police use of less‐than‐lethal force: Oleoresin Capsicum (OC) spray
16 references·1 citing·41 second hop
Police use of less‐than‐lethal force: Oleoresin Capsicum (OC) spray (1997)Police use of less‐than‐lethal force: Ole…BIG PEOPLE HIT LITTLE PEOPLE: SEX DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL POWER AND INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE* (1996)BIG PEOPLE HIT LITTLE PEOPLE:…THE "CAUSES" OF POLICE BRUTALITY: THEORY AND EVIDENCE ON POLICE USE OF FORCE (1995)THE "CAUSES" OF POLICE BRUTAL……And justice for all: Ethnicity, gender, and preferences for dispute resolution procedures. (1994)…And justice for all: Ethnici…Critical Issues in Policing: Contemporary Readings (1993)Critical Issues in Policing: …Causes of police behavior revisited (1993)Causes of police behavior rev…IMPROVING OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF POLICE (1990)IMPROVING OBSERVATIONAL STUDI…THE MANAGEMENT OF VIOLENCE BY POLICE PATROL OFFICERS* (1989)THE MANAGEMENT OF VIOLENCE BY…Why policemen don't like policewomen. (1988)Why policemen don't like poli…Police use of deadly force: Research and reform (1988)Police use of deadly force: R…Situational Factors in Disputes Leading to Criminal Violence (1983)Situational Factors in Disput…Police Use of Force: Individuals, Situations, and Organizations (1980)Police Use of Force: Individu…Causes of Police Behavior: the Current State of Quantitative Research (1980)Causes of Police Behavior: th…Administrative interventions on police shooting discretion: An empirical examination (1979)Administrative interventions …Criminal Homicide as a Situated Transaction (1977)Criminal Homicide as a Situat…Minorities and the Police: Confrontation in America. (1969)Minorities and the Police: Co…Police brutality-answers to key questions (1968)Police brutality-answers to k…Assessing the incapacitative effects of pepper spray during resistive encounters with the police (1999)Assessing the incapacitative …The police and the public (1971)The Specific Deterrent Effects of Arrest for Domestic Assault (1984)The Neighborhood Context of Police Behavior (1986)LAW ENFORCEMENT IN A TIME OF COMMUNITY POLICING* (1995)POLICING MENTALLY DISORDERED SUSPECTS: A REEXAMINATION OF THE CRIMINALIZATION HYPOTHESIS* (2001)An Alternative Test of Racial Prejudice in Motor Vehicle Searches: Theory and Evidence (2006)Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders (1968)Crime and Social Justice (1983)Democratizing the police abroad: what to do and how to do it (2001)Characteristics associated with the prevalence and severity of force used by the police (2002)COMMUNITY ACCOUNTABILITY, MINORITY THREAT, AND POLICE BRUTALITY: AN EXAMINATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS CRIMINAL COMPLAINTS* (2003)FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin (2009)The Manners and Customs of the Police (1982)Working the Street: Police Discretion and the Dilemmas of Reform (1982)To Acquiesce or Rebel: Predicting Citizen Compliance with Police Requests (1999)Police Use Of Force And Suspect Resistance: The Micro Process Of The Police-Suspect Encounter (2003)Understanding police use of force officers, suspects, and reciprocity (2004)Patterns in Criminal Homicide (1958)Impression Management and the Escalation of Aggression and Violence (1982)ROUTINE ACTIVITIES AND CRIME: AN ANALYSIS OF VICTIMIZATION IN CANADA * (1990)THE EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY, HIERARCHICAL STATUS, AND SELF-DETERMINATION ON WORKPLACE VICTIMIZATION. (1999)A Relational Model of Workplace Victimization: Social Roles and Patterns of Victimization in Dyadic Relationships. (2004)Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior. (1968)Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. (1971)Social Differentiation in Criminal Victimization: A Test of Routine Activities/Lifestyle Theories (1987)Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method (1988)Retaliatory Homicide: Concentrated Disadvantage and Neighborhood Culture (2003)Murder by Structure: Dominance Relations and the Social Structure of Gang Homicide (2009)Social Theory and Social Structure (1958)Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research (1963)Social Theory and Social Structure. (1969)Street-Level Justice: Situational Determinants of Police Arrest Decisions (1981)Situational and Attitudinal Explanations of Police Behavior: A Theoretical Reappraisal and Empirical Assessment (1989)Public attitudes toward the police (1995)Just Des(s)erts? The Racial Polarization of Perceptions of Criminal Injustice (1997)Police Use of Excessive Force in Minority Communities (2014)Police use of force: a transactional approach (2005)The Effect of Higher Education on Police Behavior (2010)MINORITY THREAT AND POLICE BRUTALITY: DETERMINANTS OF CIVIL RIGHTS CRIMINAL COMPLAINTS IN U.S. MUNICIPALITIES (2000)"Broken windows" and the risk of gonorrhea (2000)Police Education, Experience, and the Use of Force (2007)
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References

  • 1977Criminal Homicide as a Situated Transaction690 cited
  • 1993Critical Issues in Policing: Contemporary Readings499 cited
  • 1983Situational Factors in Disputes Leading to Criminal Violence371 cited
  • 1980Causes of Police Behavior: the Current State of Quantitative Research333 cited
  • 1993Causes of police behavior revisited308 cited
  • 1988Police use of deadly force: Research and reform305 cited
  • 1995THE "CAUSES" OF POLICE BRUTALITY: THEORY AND EVIDENCE ON POLICE USE OF FORCE250 cited
  • 1980Police Use of Force: Individuals, Situations, and Organizations246 cited
  • 1989THE MANAGEMENT OF VIOLENCE BY POLICE PATROL OFFICERS*224 cited
  • 1969Minorities and the Police: Confrontation in America.206 cited
  • 1979Administrative interventions on police shooting discretion: An empirical examination202 cited
  • 1996BIG PEOPLE HIT LITTLE PEOPLE: SEX DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL POWER AND INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE*193 cited
  • 1968Police brutality-answers to key questions145 cited
  • 1994…And justice for all: Ethnicity, gender, and preferences for dispute resolution procedures.126 cited
  • 1988Why policemen don't like policewomen.119 cited

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  • 1990IMPROVING OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF POLICE116 cited
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    • 1999Assessing the incapacitative effects of pepper spray during resistive encounters with the police53 cited