To Walk or Not to Walk: Testing the Effect of Path Walkability on Transit Users' Access Mode Choices to the Station

Sungjin Park · Keechoo Choi · Jae Seung Lee

86 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Sustainable Transportation

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Transportation Planning and Optimization Urban Design and Spatial Analysis

Abstract

This article focuses on micro-level walkability, which is measured at the route level and thus named “path walkability,” and tests whether path walkability influences transit users' mode choices to the station. To test its impact on access mode choices, a case study is conducted in downtown Mountain View, California. A station user survey is administered to collect access mode choice, socioeconomic status, and trip origins and walking routes of 249 transit users with previous experience of walking to the station. Using a path walkability measurement instrument developed for this research, 38 path walkability indicators are extracted from each of the 249 walking routes. The 38 walkability indicators are grouped by using factor analysis yielding four path walkability factors: “sidewalk amenities,” “traffic impacts,” “street scale and enclosure,” and “landscaping elements.” The four factors are utilized as new walkability variables for modeling access mode choices. With 150 walkers and 99 habitual auto users/occasional walkers, two access mode choice models are estimated. The basic model is first estimated without walkability variables and then the four path walkability variables are introduced for the expanded model. All four path walkability variables enter the expanded model and significantly improve the predictability of the mode choice model. The model result suggests that micro-level walkability influences access mode choices in a statistically significant way and having more walking-conducive walkability available for access trips increases the chance of choosing walking over driving. This research shows that improving micro-level walkability could be a cost-beneficial incentive for more walking to the station.

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References

1987Discrete Choice Analysis: Theory and Application to Travel Demand.1997Travel demand and the 3Ds: Density, diversity, and design 1988Discrete choice analysis: Theory and application to travel demand 2003Neighborhood-Based Differences in Physical Activity: An Environment Scale Evaluation 1991The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem in Multivariate Statistical Analysis 1980Introduction to Factor Analysis: What It Is and How to Do It.1978Introduction to Factor Analysis 2003Walking, Bicycling, and Urban Landscapes: Evidence From the San Francisco Bay Area

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