Tin, Arsenic, Lead: Alloying Practices in Syria-Palestine around 2000 B.C.

Graham Philip

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Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis

Abstract

Thirteen Syro-Palestinian copper-alloy weapons from good EB-MB and MB I contexts were analysed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, in order to amplify our knowledge of copper metallurgy around 2000 B.C. The results raise several important points regarding alloying practices, and the factors governing alloy selection. Regional differences in alloy use within the southern Levant during the EB-MB period are clarified, while a hitherto unsuspected alloy, leaded-bronze, appears at Hama, where it was used for MB I weapon types. Other groups of contemporary analyses are discussed, and an attempt is then made to consider the influence of non-technical factors on alloy selection.

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1976ATOMIC ABSORPTION TECHNIQUES IN ARCHAEOLOGY 1989Prehistoric metalworking in the southern Levant: Archaeometallurgical and social perspectives 1967Early Arsenical Bronzes—A Metallurgical View

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