Articlegreen2014

Enhancing the Executive Functions of 3-Year-Olds in the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task

Sammy Perone · Stephen J. Molitor · Aaron Thomas Buss · John P. Spencer · Larissa K. Samuelson

39 citations0/0 files storedChild Development

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Child and Animal Learning Development Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Abstract

Executive functions enable flexible thinking, something young children are notoriously bad at. For instance, in the dimensional change card sort (DCCS) task, 3-year-olds can sort cards by one dimension (shape), but continue to sort by this dimension when asked to switch (to color). This study tests a prediction of a dynamic neural field model that prior experience with the postswitch dimension can enhance 3-year-olds' performance in the DCCS. In Experiment 1A, a matching game was used to preexpose 3-year-olds (n = 36) to color. This facilitated switching from sorting by shape to color. In , 3-year-olds (n = 18) were preexposed to shape. This did not facilitate switching from sorting by color to shape. The model was used to explain this asymmetry.

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2011A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety 2007Relating Effortful Control, Executive Function, and False Belief Understanding to Emerging Math and Literacy Ability in Kindergarten 2006The Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS): a method of assessing executive function in children 2003The development of executive function in early childhood.2002How specific is the relation between executive function and theory of mind? Contributions of inhibitory control and working memory 2012Activities and Programs That Improve Children’s Executive Functions 2009How useful is executive control training? Age differences in near and far transfer of task‐switching training 2003I. The Development of Executive Function

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