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English-only Triumphs, but the Costs are High

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Multilingual Education and Policy Education and experiences of immigrants and refugees Immigration and Intercultural Education

Abstract

The long war between English-only and bilingual education appears to have been settled, with English-only education winning. But its costs are high for immigrant families, the communities where they reside and society as a whole.

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1962The relation of bilingualism to intelligence.1967Language Loyalty in the United States.1987Mirror of language: The debate on bilingualism. By Kenji Hakuta. New York: Basic Books, 1986. Pp. 268. $18.75.1986The Mirror of Language: The Debate on Bilingualism 1998E Pluribus Unum: Bilingualism and Loss of Language in the Second Generation 1941Speech Development of a Bilingual Child: A Linguistic Record 1995California's Immigrant Children: Theory, Research, and Implications for Educational Policy 1999Bilingualism and the Academic Achievement of First- and Second-Generation Asian Americans: Accommodation with or without Assimilation?

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