Park-and-Ride Network Design in a Bi-Modal Transport Network to Prompt Public Transport Mode Share

Abstract

Park and Ride (P&R) is regarded as a means of encouraging car drivers to shift to public transport modes for part of their journey. Since the first siting of P&R in the 1930s, various levels of success have been experienced in different cities around the world. It has been well recognized that the location and the corresponding parking size are the key factors for the performance of the P&R system. This paper proposes a bi-level mathematical programming model which is a mathematical expression of Stackelberg duopolistic game to determine the best location for each P&R car park, with the objective of prompting the public transport mode share. In the model, the network users' route choice behavior is assumed to follow user equilibrium with elastic demand. A solution algorithm is proposed for solving this model.

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