Articlediamond2011

Neighbourhood differences in objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and body mass index

Stéphanie A. Prince · Mark Stephen Tremblay · Denis Prud’homme · Rachel C. Colley · Michael Charles Sawada · Elizabeth Kristjansson

10 citations0/0 files storedOpen Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Physical Activity and Health Urban Green Space and Health

Abstract

Background: There is limited Canadian research examining whether directly measured physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) differ between neighbourhoods with different objectively measured socioeconomic (SES) and recreation (REC) environments. Purpose: To determine whether mean adult PA levels, sedentary time and BMIs were different across four neighbourhoods with contrasting SES and REC environments in Ottawa, Canada. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design to collect pilot data of objectively measured height, weight and PA (using accelerometry) and self-reported covariates in 113 adults (≥18 years). Four contrasting neighbourhoods (high REC/high SES, high REC/low SES, low REC/high SES, and low REC/low SES) were selected based on data collected as part of the Ottawa Neighbourhood Study. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression were used to perform neighbourhood comparisons for PA, sedentary time and BMI, adjusting for age, sex and household income and possible interactions. Post-hoc comparisons using Tukey’s test were performed. Results: Significant neighbourhood-group effects were observed for light intensity PA and sedentary time. Post-hoc tests identified that the low REC/high SES neighbourhood had significantly more minutes of light PA than the low REC/low SES (Mdiff = 56.05 minutes·day, Tukey p = 0.01). Unadjusted BMI differed between the four neighbourhoods, but the differences were not significant after controlling for age, sex and household income. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that light PA and sedentary time differ between neighbourhoods of varying REC and SES environments after controlling for differences in age, sex and household income. Findings also suggest that other area-level factors may explain these neighbourhood differences.

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References

2008Built Environment Correlates of Walking 2006Social Environment and Physical activity: A review of concepts and evidence 2009The built environment and obesity: A systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence 2005Obesity and the Built Environment 2006Availability of Physical Activity–Related Facilities and Neighborhood Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: A National Study 2007Toward the next generation of research into small area effects on health: a synthesis of multilevel investigations published since July 1998 2004An update of recent evidence of the relationship between objective and self-report measures of the physical environment and physical activity behaviours 2009Neighborhood SES and walkability are related to physical activity behavior in Belgian adults

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