Article2010

Effects of Intimate Partner Violence on Pregnancy Trauma and Placental Abruption

Janel M. Leone · Sandra D. Lane · Emilia H. A. Koumans · Kathy DeMott · Martha Wojtowycz · Jessica Garcés Jensen +1 more

66 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Women s Health

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions Pregnancy-related medical research

Abstract

AIMS: Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy increases women's risk of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the association between IPV and prenatal trauma and placental abruption during pregnancy. METHODS: Prenatal and hospital obstetrical charts were reviewed for 2873 women who gave birth between January 2000 and March 2002 in a Northeastern city. We examined associations among sociodemographic characteristics, health-related variables, IPV, and pregnancy trauma and placental abruption using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 2873 women in the analyses, 105 (3.7%) reported IPV during prenatal care. After controlling for sociodemographic variables; tobacco, alcohol, and drug use; preeclampsia; and gestational diabetes during pregnancy, women who reported IPV also had higher odds of pregnancy trauma and placental abruption (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 32.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.33-71.80, p < 0.01, and OR 5.17, 95% CI 1.37-19.51, p < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study found that IPV is a significant and independent risk factor for pregnancy trauma and placental abruption after controlling for factors typically associated with these outcomes. This study has implications for partner violence screening and intervention policies among pregnant women and highlights the importance of making distinctions about the type of IPV that women experience.

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References

1995Patriarchal Terrorism and Common Couple Violence: Two Forms of Violence against Women 2006Conflict and Control 2009A typology of domestic violence: intimate terrorism, violent resistance, and situational couple violence 1996Prevalence of Violence Against Pregnant Women 2005The Differential Effects of Intimate Terrorism and Situational Couple Violence 2000The intersections of HIV and violence: directions for future research and interventions 1994Abuse during pregnancy: effects on maternal complications and birth weight in adult and teenage women.2001Abuse: a risk factor for low birth weight? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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