A Cross-Cultural Examination of Self-Leadership

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-cultural validity of self-leadership by confirming a second-order factor structure and testing for measurement invariance in the operationalization of the self-leadership construct across four distinct national cultures: the United States, China, Germany, and Portugal. Results provide evidence in support of the cross-cultural validity of the hierarchical factor structure of self-leadership and in support of partial metric measurement invariance for the Revised Self-Leadership Questionnaire (RSLQ). Taken together, these findings suggest that future researchers examining substantive self-leadership hypotheses within and across non-U.S. cultures may proceed with confidence.

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