Religious orientation, aging, and blood pressure reactivity to interpersonal and cognitive stressors

Kevin S. Masters · Robert D. Hill · John C. Kircher · Tera Lensegrav-Benson · Jennifer A. Fallon

117 citations0/0 files storedAnnals of Behavioral Medicine

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Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology Religion and Society Interactions Cardiac Health and Mental Health

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Research on religion and health suggests general health benefits for those who are more religiously involved. Particular aspects of religiosity that may influence this finding, however, have not been sufficiently investigated. PURPOSE: This study was designed to explore the relationship between religious orientation (intrinsic, extrinsic) and blood pressure reactivity among older (over 60 years) and younger (18-24 years) adults exposed to two qualitatively different laboratory stressors (cognitive, interpersonal). METHODS: Participants were categorized as exhibiting either a predominantly intrinsic or extrinsic religious orientation based on scores on the Religious Orientation Scale. They were subsequently exposed (in counterbalanced order) to two laboratory stressors that varied in terms of whether an interpersonal confrontation was involved. Measures of blood pressure were obtained at baseline and during stressor presentation. RESULTS: Analyses indicated that older extrinsically religious individuals demonstrated exaggerated reactivity compared to younger participants and older intrinsically religious individuals. Older intrinsically religious participants did not differ from younger persons. Similar results were found for analysis of baseline data. Extrinsic participants had greater reactivity during the interpersonal confrontation condition than did intrinsic individuals. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that religious orientation may be an important variable to study regarding cardiovascular reactivity in, particularly, older adults.

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References

1982Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report 1902The varieties of religious experience: A study in human nature.1967Personal Religious Orientation and Prejudice.2004Handbook of Religion and Health 2001Handbook of Religion and Health 2003Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of religion and spirituality: Implications for physical and mental health research.2001Psychological testing and psychological assessment: A review of evidence and issues.2003Spirituality, religion, and health: An emerging research field.

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2010Religiosity, Sense of Meaning, and Health Behavior in Older Adults 2009Prayer and reverence in naturalistic, aesthetic, and socio-moral contexts predicted fewer complications following coronary artery bypass 2013An Interpersonal Approach to Religiousness and Spirituality: Implications for Health and Well‐Being 2011Religious motivation and cardiovascular reactivity among middle aged adults: is being pro-religious really that good for you?2011Understanding the connection between spiritual well-being and physical health: an examination of ambulatory blood pressure, inflammation, blood lipids and fasting glucose

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