Anticipation from biological motion: The goalkeeper problem.

Gabriel J. Diaz · Brett R. Fajen · Flip Phillips

92 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance

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Action Observation and Synchronization Visual perception and processing mechanisms Sport Psychology and Performance

Abstract

People can often anticipate the outcome of another person's actions based on visual information available in the movements of the other person's body. We investigated this problem by studying how goalkeepers anticipate the direction of a penalty kick in soccer. The specific aim was to determine whether the information used to anticipate kick direction is best characterized as local to a particular body segment or distributed across multiple segments. In Experiment 1, we recorded the movements of soccer players as they kicked balls into a net. Using a novel method for analyzing motion capture data, we identified sources of local and distributed information that were reliable indicators of kick direction. In Experiments 2 and 3, subjects were presented with animations of kickers' movements prior to foot-to-ball contact and instructed to judge kick direction. Judgments were consistent with the use of distributed information, with a possible small contribution of local information.

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References

1992Knowledge, knerves and know‐how: The role of explicit versus implicit knowledge in the breakdown of a complex motor skill under pressure 2008Action anticipation and motor resonance in elite basketball players 2002Decomposing biological motion: A framework for analysis and synthesis of human gait patterns 1983Kinematic specification of dynamics as an informational basis for person-and-action perception: Expectation, gender recognition, and deceptive intention.2009Inside the brain of an elite athlete: the neural processes that support high achievement in sports 2002Visual search, anticipation and expertise in soccer goalkeepers 1990Timing an attacking forehand drive in table tennis.2005Recognizing people from their movement.

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2017The contribution of early auditory and visual information to the discrimination of shot power in ball sports 2013On the use of situation and body information in goalkeeper actions during a soccer penalty kick 2018Goalkeeping in the soccer penalty kick 2013Dueling in the penalty box: evidence-based recommendations on how shooters and goalkeepers can win penalty shootouts in soccer

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