Community perception of mental disorders

Érica de Toledo Piza Peluso · Sérgio Luís Blay

99 citations0/0 files storedSocial Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

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Mental Health Treatment and Access Psychology and Mental Health Mental Health and Psychiatry

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the perception of mental disorders and stigma in developing countries. The aim of this study was to review the literature on popular perception of mental disorders in Latin America and the Caribbean. METHODS: Electronic search was made on Medline and Lilacs for original articles published from January 1980 to December 2001, using "public attitudes" and "mental disorders" as key words on Medline and "attitudes about health" as well as "stigma" as key words on Lilacs. In addition, a manual search was conducted in the references of the articles obtained in the electronic search and in area periodicals. RESULTS: The search produced 871 articles, ten of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Attitudes in relation to the mentally ill are predominantly positive, especially among individuals with a higher educational or socioeconomic level. Schizophrenia is the condition most often identified as mental illness and considered the most serious affliction. Depression and alcoholism are identified as mental illnesses by a smaller portion of the population. The community mostly recommends treatment with health professionals. CONCLUSION: In Latin America and the Caribbean, there is a tendency to share the beliefs of the western medical model and few signs of the presence of elements from traditional medicine or religion. However, the studies exhibited various methodological gaps and problems. New studies, using more appropriate methodology, should be carried out in this region.

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References

1997“Mental health literacy”: a survey of the public's ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment 2000Mental health literacy 1999Public conceptions of mental illness: labels, causes, dangerousness, and social distance.2000Stigmatisation of people with mental illnesses 1998Changes in public attitudes to depression during the Defeat Depression Campaign 1993The Community's Tolerance of the Mentally Ill 2002Attitudes about schizophrenia from the pilot site of the WPA worldwide campaign against the stigma of schizophrenia 1996Belief in supernatural causes of mental illness among Malay patients: impact on treatment

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