Article1998

The mixed dentition and associated skull fragments of a juvenile fossil hominid from Sterkfontein, South Africa

Jacopo Moggi‐Cecchi · Phillip V. Tobias · A. David Beynon

109 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies

Abstract

In April-May 1983, the late A.R. Hughes and his field team recovered more than 40 bone fragments and teeth from a single solution pocket of the Sterkfontein Formation. After preparation and reconstruction by JMC, it was recognised that these fragments represent a single juvenile individual (Stw 151), consisting of more than 40 cranial and dental parts, with mixed dentition. It constitutes the most complete set of jaws and teeth of an early hominid child since the Taung child was recovered in 1924. In this paper, the morphological and metrical features of the individual teeth are described. The other associated skull fragments (right ramus of the mandible, left petrous bone, right glenoid region) are also described. Comparisons are made with other South (and East) African fossil hominids. The beautiful preservation simultaneously of most of the deciduous teeth and of the permanent teeth exposed in their crypts allows an accurate analysis of the developmental sequence. A report on the dental developmental status of this juvenile is presented. On the basis of the microanatomical study of the developing permanent teeth, the estimated age at death is 5.2-5.3 years. Reconstructions of the maxillary and mandibular arcades are also offered. The morphological and metrical features of Stw 151 raise the possibility that it may represent a hominid more derived towards an early Homo condition than the rest of the A. africanus sample from Member 4.

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References

1989Primate adaptation and evolution 1986Ancestors: The hard evidence 1967Olduvai Gorge 1986Hominid Evolution: Past, Present and Future 1991Evolutionary History of the “Robust” australopithecines 1992Origin and evolution of the genus Homo 1943The skull of Sinanthropus pekinensis : a comparative study on a primitive hominid skull 1974Jaw movement and tooth use in recent and fossil primates

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2002Morphology and affinities of new hominin cranial remains from Member 4 of the Sterkfontein Formation, Gauteng Province, South Africa 2004Role of carnivores in the accumulation of the Sterkfontein Member 4 hominid assemblage: A taphonomic reassessment of the complete hominid fossil sample (1936–1999)2005First occurrence of early Homo in the Nachukui Formation (West Turkana, Kenya) at 2.3-2.4Myr 2010Retrieving chronological age from dental remains of early fossil hominins to reconstruct human growth in the past 2005Description, new reconstruction, comparative anatomy, and classification of the Sterkfontein Stw 53 cranium, with discussions about the taxonomy of other southern African early Homo remains

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