Article2013

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and associated mental health symptoms among pregnant women in T anzania: a cross‐sectional study

Bathsheba Mahenge · Samuel Lazarus Likindikoki · Heidi Stöckl · Jessie Mbwambo

123 citations0/0 files storedBJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum Pregnancy-related medical research

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Violence against pregnant women is a prevalent issue with severe health implications, especially during pregnancy. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence against women during pregnancy and its associated mental health symptoms. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey conducted from December 2011 to April 2012. SETTING: Muhimbili National Hospital antenatal clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. SAMPLE: 1180 pregnant antenatal care patients. METHODS: Trained interviewers conducted face-to-face standardised interviews with the women in a private room prior to their antenatal care appointment. (PTSD), anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed through the Conflict Tactics Scale, the John Hopkins Symptom Checklist (25) and the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Conflict Tactics Scale, the John Hopkins Symptom Checklist (25) and the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. RESULTS: Of the 1180 women who were interviewed, 27% reported experiencing both physical and sexual intimate partner violence in the index pregnancy, with 18% reporting physical violence and 20% reporting sexual violence. After adjusting for the sociodemographic characteristics of women, women who experienced physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy were significantly more likely to have moderate PTSD (AOR 2.94, 95% CI 1.71-5.06), anxiety (AOR 3.98, 95% CI 2.85-5.57) and depressive (AOR 3.31, 95% CI 2.39-4.593) symptoms than women who did not report physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: About three out of ten women experienced physical or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy by an intimate partner, which was significantly associated with poor mental health symptoms. These rates are alarming, and justify training and education of antenatal care providers to raise awareness.

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References

2007Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups 2002Health consequences of intimate partner violence 2008Intimate partner violence and women's physical and mental health in the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence: an observational study 2005WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women: Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women's Responses 2001Putting women first : ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women 2004A Comparison of Narrative Exposure Therapy, Supportive Counseling, and Psychoeducation for Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an African Refugee Settlement.2011A Systematic Review of African Studies on Intimate Partner Violence against Pregnant Women: Prevalence and Risk Factors 2010Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: analysis of prevalence data from 19 countries

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2020National and regional prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis 2017Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and its association with preterm birth and low birth weight in Tanzania: A prospective cohort study 2018Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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