Factors associated with women's risk of rape in the military environment

Anne G. Sadler · Brenda M. Booth · Brian L. Cook · Bradley N. Doebbeling

201 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Industrial Medicine

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Workplace Violence and Bullying Gender, Security, and Conflict

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Health hazards specific to women workers have not been adequately documented. This study assessed military environmental factors associated with rape occurring during military service, while controlling for pre-military trauma experiences. METHODS: A national cross-sectional survey of 558 women veterans serving in Vietnam or in subsequent eras was obtained through structured telephone interviews. RESULTS: Rape was reported by 30% (n = 151) of participants, with consistent rates found across eras [corrected]. Military environmental factors were associated with increased likelihood of rape, including: sexual harassment allowed by officers (P < 0.0001), unwanted sexual advances on-duty (P < 0.0001) and in sleeping quarters (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Violence towards military women has identifiable risk factors. Work and living environments where unwanted sexual behaviors occurred were associated with increased odds of rape. Officer leadership played an important role in the military environment and safety of women. Assailant alcohol and/or drug abuse at time of rape was notable. Interventions and policies based on modifiable environmental risk factors are needed to increase protection for women in the workplace.

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References

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2007Trauma Among Female Veterans 2006The state of women veterans’ health research 2006DSM-IV diagnosed posttraumatic stress disorder in women veterans with and without military sexual trauma 2015Military Sexual Trauma Among Recent Veterans 2006Posttraumatic stress disorder in female veterans with military and civilian sexual trauma 2004

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