Does parental monitoring moderate the relationship between bullying and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior? A community-based self-report study of adolescents in Germany

Vanessa Jantzer · Johann Haffner · Peter Parzer · Franz Resch · Michael Kaess

75 citations0/0 files storedBMC Public Health

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression Injury Epidemiology and Prevention

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Being a victim of bullying in school is clearly linked to various social, emotional, and behavioral problems including self-harm behavior. However, it is not known whether even occasional victimization has similar negative consequences and whether protective factors such as social support may prevent those harmful developments. The present study therefore focuses on the nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior (SB) in victims of bullying and the potentially moderating effect of parental monitoring. METHODS: In all, a cross-sectional sample of 647 adolescents (mean age 12.8 years) were surveyed concerning bullying experiences, NSSI and SB, and parental monitoring. RESULTS: A total of 14.4% of respondents reported being a victim of frequent bullying in the past few months (with verbal and social bullying playing the most important role), which increased the risks of both NSSI (OR = 11.75) and SB (OR = 6.08). This relationship could also be shown for occasional victims of bullying (35.6%), although to a lesser extent. Parental monitoring had a significant protective effect on SB in victims of occasional bullying. However, parental monitoring did not show any protective effect in victims of repetitive bullying. CONCLUSIONS: Victims of bullying show a substantial risk for engaging in self-harm behavior. Therefore, the dissemination of anti-bullying programs in schools would probably also prevent such disorders. Parental participation in school-based prevention may increase its effect; this also matches the results of the present study, showing that parental monitoring may be able to buffer the negative effects of bullying victimization, at least to a certain degree.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2000Twenty Years' Research on Peer Victimization and Psychosocial Maladjustment: A Meta‐analytic Review of Cross‐sectional Studies 2006The functions of deliberate self-injury: A review of the evidence 1994Bullying at School: Basic Facts and Effects of a School Based Intervention Program 2010Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: a systematic and meta-analytic review 2010Self-Injury 2013School Bullying: Development and Some Important Challenges 2012International prevalence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm

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