Warmth and competence in animals

Verónica Sevillano · Susan T. Fiske

103 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Applied Social Psychology

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Social and Intergroup Psychology Social Robot Interaction and HRI Human-Animal Interaction Studies

Abstract

Abstract Social‐perception dimensions may explain human‐animal relationships because animals show intent toward humans (social perception's warmth dimension) and, consequently, their potential effect on humans is relevant (competence dimension). After reviewing current literature about perceptions of animals’ ascribed intentions and abilities, three studies tested the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002) and the Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes Map (Cuddy, Fiske, & Glick, 2007) regarding animal targets. Study 1 found a four‐cluster SCM structure. Warmth and competence judgments predicted specific emotions and behavioral tendencies toward animals (Study 2). Study 3 supported associations between animals and social groups based on their respective perceived warmth and competence. Taken together, results showed the relevance of SCM dimensions for social perception of animals.

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1985An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion.2002A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition.1997Dimensions of Brand Personality 2007On seeing human: A three-factor theory of anthropomorphism.1997Dimensions of Brand Personality 2018Multivariate Data Analysis 2008Warmth and Competence as Universal Dimensions of Social Perception: The Stereotype Content Model and the BIAS Map 2007The BIAS map: Behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes.

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2024Warmth and competence in human-agent cooperation 2020The development of speciesism: Age-related differences in the moral view of animals 2025Preference for animal welfare products: The effect of power and animal anthropomorphism

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