Article1994

Does psi exist? Replicable evidence for an anomalous process of information transfer.

330 citations0/0 files storedPsychological Bulletin

No readable copy stored yet — this record is metadata only.

No open-access location is known for this record yet.

Literature note Cite in a project Citation map

Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices

Abstract

Most academic psychologists do not yet accept the existence of psi, anomalous processes of information or energy transfer (such as telepathy or other forms of extrasensory perception) that are currently unexplained in terms of known physical or biological mechanisms. We believe that the replication rates and effect sizes achieved by one particular experimental method, the ganzfeld procedure, are now sufficient to warrant bringing this body of data to the attention of the wider psychological community. Competing meta-analyses of the ganzfeld database are reviewed, 1 by R. Hyman (1985), a skeptical critic of psi research, and the other by C. Honorton (1985), a parapsychologist and major contributor to the ganzfeld database. Next the results of 11 new ganzfeld studies that comply with guidelines jointly authored by R. Hyman and C. Honorton (1986) are summarized. Finally, issues of replication and theoretical explanation are discussed. The term psi denotes anomalous processes of information or energy transfer, processes such as telepathy or other forms of extrasensory perception that are currently unexplained in terms of known physical or biological mechanisms. The term is purely descriptive: It neither implies that such anomalous phenomena are paranormal nor connotes anything about their underlying mechanisms. Does psi exist? Most academic psychologists don't think so. A survey of more than 1,100 college professors in the United States found that 55% of natural scientists, 66% of social scientists (excluding psychologists), and 77% of academics in the arts, humanities, and education believed that ESP is either an established fact or a likely possibility. The comparable figure for psy

Paper brief

Loading…

Cite this work

Citation unavailable for this work.

BibTeX RIS CSL-JSON

No public copy is stored for this record, so only the metadata is cited.

Citations in this library

Citation map →

Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 330 citations exist upstream.

References

1956The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.1891The Principles of Psychology 2017Exchange and Power in Social Life 1958The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations.1977Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.1988Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis 1979The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results.1974An approach to environmental psychology

Cited by

2006The actor-observer asymmetry in attribution: A (surprising) meta-analysis.1994Ethnic Minority Scholars, Research, and Mentoring: Current and Future Issues 2012Spanking, corporal punishment and negative long-term outcomes: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies 2012Predictive Physiological Anticipation Preceding Seemingly Unpredictable Stimuli: A Meta-Analysis 1999Does psi exist? Lack of replication of an anomalous process of information transfer.2006Examining psychokinesis: The interaction of human intention with random number generators--A meta-analysis.

Explore the map →

Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.

Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.