Direct Support in Supported Employment and Its Relation to Job Typicalness, Coworker Involvement, and Employment Outcomes

David Mank · Paul Yovanoff

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Disability Education and Employment Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion Occupational Therapy Practice and Research

Abstract

Supported employment is a comprehensive package of strategies continually evolving and designed to successfully employ people with disabilities. The emerging nature of natural support is receiving extensive attention. Understanding and improving natural support strategies is a means to provide uniquely distinctive personalized supports. It is this underlying theme that has driven four previous research reports regarding typical employment features and their relation to employment outcomes for people with disabilities. In this report we investigate the previously raised issue that high levels of direct support are associated with less typicalness, integration, and wages. This study shows that wage and integration outcomes can be increased, even if there is a high level of direct support, if there is coworker training.

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References

1987An Interactionist Perspective on Newcomer Socialization Rates 1988Natural Supports in the Workplace: A Reexamination of Supported Employment 1997Analysis of the Typicalness of Supported Employment Jobs, Natural Supports, and Wage and Integration Outcomes 1995At the Crossroads: Supported Employment a Decade Later 1998Employment Outcomes for People With Severe- Disabilities: Opportunities for Improvement 1993Natural Supports: Reconceptualizing Job Coach Roles

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2007Achieving Community Membership Through Community Rehabilitation Provider Services: Are We There Yet?2011Application of intergroup contact theory to the integrated workplace: Setting the stage for inclusion 2008Barriers to Supported Employment for Persons With Developmental Disabilities 2004IMPROVING DAY‐TREATMENT SERVICES FOR ADULTS WITH SEVERE DISABILITIES: A NORM‐REFERENCED APPLICATION OF OUTCOME MANAGEMENT 2003A review of research on natural support interventions in the workplace for people with disabilities 2010What Do Employment Specialists Really Do? A Study on Job Development Practices

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