Mechanisms Underlying the False Consensus Effect

Steven J. Sherman · Clark C. Presson · Laurie Chassin

154 citations0/0 files storedPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin

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Social and Intergroup Psychology Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Personality Traits and Psychology

Abstract

The current studies investigated the role of self-serving motivations in the False Consensus Effect (FCE). There were two major goals. First, the studies tested whether consensus estimates would be increased when judges receive threats to self in the form of failure feedback about their performance on an experimental task. The second goal of the studies was to investigate whether self-knowledge plays a special role in the FCE beyond the use of the self as simply a single available case in memory. The current findings indicated that judges indeed use the behavior of an available case (whether the self or an other) in making inferences about a target group. Moreover, under success conditions, the available case information was sufficient to account for the extent of perceived consensus. However, under failure feedback, a judge's own behavior increased estimates above and beyond the effect of information about an available individual When the self is threatened, perceptions of consensus may be increased by a motivation to seek normalization and support for one's own behavior.

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References

1983Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment.1977The “false consensus effect”: An egocentric bias in social perception and attribution processes 1975Self-serving biases in the attribution of causality: Fact or fiction?1963The Psychology of affiliation 1981Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment.1978Self-serving biases in the attribution process: A reexamination of the fact or fiction question.1956Clues to Suicide 1973Effects of cooperation and competition on responsibility attribution after success and failure

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