Evaluation of MIMIC-Model Methods for DIF Testing With Comparison to Two-Group Analysis

Carol M. Woods

196 citations0/0 files storedMultivariate Behavioral Research

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Educational Assessment and Pedagogy Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference

Abstract

Differential item functioning (DIF) occurs when an item on a test or questionnaire has different measurement properties for 1 group of people versus another, irrespective of mean differences on the construct. This study focuses on the use of multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) structural equation models for DIF testing, parameterized as item response models. The accuracy of these methods, and the sample size requirements, are not well established. This study examines the accuracy of MIMIC methods for DIF testing when the focal group is small and compares results with those obtained using 2-group item response theory (IRT). Results support the utility of the MIMIC approach. With small focal-group samples, tests of uniform DIF with binary or 5-category ordinal responses were more accurate with MIMIC models than 2-group IRT. Recommendations are offered for the application of MIMIC methods for DIF testing.

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References

1969Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores 1981Marginal Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Item Parameters: Application of an EM Algorithm 1994Differential Item Functioning.1971Simultaneous Factor Analysis in Several Populations 1975Estimation of a Model with Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes of a Single Latent Variable 1984Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: The Body Sensations Questionnaire and the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire.1993Confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory: Two approaches for exploring measurement invariance.1997Graded Response Model

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