Articlegreen2009

Development of Sex Differences in Depressive and Co-Occurring Anxious Symptoms During Adolescence: Descriptive Trajectories and Potential Explanations in a Multiwave Prospective Study

189 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Mental Health Research Topics

Abstract

This study investigated psychosocial mechanisms that may account for sex differences in internalizing symptoms of depression and anxiety during adolescence using data from a prospective, multiwave study with a sample of early and middle adolescents (N = 350, 6th to 10th graders; 57% female). Girls showed higher initial levels of only depressive symptoms, not anxious arousal, and increasing trajectories of depressive and anxious arousal symptoms over time compared with boys after controlling for age. Initial levels of depressive symptoms were mediated by a Rumination x Stressors interaction as well as a Negative Cognitive Style x Stressors interaction. The Negative Cognitive Style x Stressors interaction and Rumination x Stressors interaction partially accounted for girls' increasing trajectories of depressive and anxious arousal symptoms over time.

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References

1991Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications.1991Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes.2011Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI)1984Essentials of Behavioral Research: Methods and Data Analysis 1989Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression.1991A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.1998Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study.1994The emergence of gender differences in depression during adolescence.

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2014The relationship between emotional problems and subsequent school attainment: A meta‐analysis 2017Depressive symptom trajectories in late adolescence and early adulthood: A systematic review 2012Cognitive Vulnerabilities and Depression Versus Other Psychopathology Symptoms and Diagnoses in Early Adolescence 2012Depression in Early, Middle and Late Adolescence: Differential Evidence for the Cognitive Diathesis–Stress Model

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