Religion as Moderator of the Depression-Health Connection

Paul M. Wink · Michele Dillon · Britta A. Larsen

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Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology Religion and Society Interactions Health disparities and outcomes

Abstract

This study used a representative community-based sample of men and women born in the San Francisco Bay Area in the 1920s to investigate the long-term relations between religiousness, spirituality, depression, and physical health. In late adulthood (age late 60s/mid-70s), religiousness buffered against depression associated with poor physical health, with highest levels of depression observed in the low-religiousness-poor-physical-health group. The buffering effect of religiousness was present after controlling for social support and was predicted longitudinally using religiousness scored in middle adulthood (age 40s)—a time interval of approximately 30 years. Spirituality, operationalized in terms of adherence to noninstitutionalized religious beliefs and practices, did not have the same buffering effect as religiousness. The findings are discussed with regard to the mechanisms underlying the salutary effect of religion on depression resulting from personal adversity.

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References

1977The CES-D Scale 1958Social class and mental illness: Community study.2001Handbook of Religion and Health 1998Patterns of Positive and Negative Religious Coping with Major Life Stressors 1998The Religion-Health Connection: Evidence, Theory, and Future Directions 1998The Psychology of Religion and Coping 2003Spirituality, religion, and health: An emerging research field.2003Religiousness and depression: Evidence for a main effect and the moderating influence of stressful life events.

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