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TOEFL preparation courses: a study of washback

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1993Does Washback Exist?861 cited

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2005Language Testing and Validation669 cited
2005Differences in written discourse in independent and integrated prototype tasks for next generation TOEFL345 cited
2000Modern language testing at the turn of the century: assuring that what we count counts309 cited
2001Language assessment as social practice: challenges for research233 cited
2005Stakeholders’ conflicting aims undermine the washback function of a high-stakes test209 cited
2004ESL/EFL instructors’ classroom assessment practices: purposes, methods, and procedures186 cited
1996Does grammar translation come from the entrance examination? Preliminary findings from classroom-based research180 cited
2004Washback and the classroom: the implications for teaching and learning of studies of washback from exams178 cited
2000The impact of high-stakes testing on teaching and learning: can this be predicted or controlled?173 cited
2001Language testing and assessment (Part I)165 cited
2002Targeting washback—a case-study143 cited
1999Washback in language testing141 cited
2007Is testing an efficient agent for pedagogical change? Examining the intended washback of the writing task in a high‐stakes English test in China

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122 cited

1997Impact and Washback in Language Testing119 cited

2009Cognitive Diagnosis Approaches to Language Assessment: An Overview118 cited

2007A New Washback Model of Students’ Learning117 cited