Predictors of PTSD symptom severity and social reactions in sexual assault victims

Sarah E. Ullman · Henrietta H. Filipas

513 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Traumatic Stress

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Child Abuse and Trauma

Abstract

Demographics, assault variables, and postassault responses were analyzed as correlates of PTSD symptom severity in a sample of 323 sexual assault victims. Regression analyses indicated that less education, greater perceived life threat, and receipt of more negative social reactions upon disclosing assault were each related to greater PTSD symptom severity. Ethnic minority victims reported more negative social reactions from others. Victims of more severe sexual victimization reported fewer positive, but more negative reactions from others. Greater extent of disclosure of the assault was related to more positive and fewer negative social reactions. Telling more persons about the assault was related to more negative and positive reactions. Implications of these results for developing contextual theoretical models of rape-related PTSD are discussed.

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References

1992Shattered Assumptions: Towards a New Psychology of Trauma 1997The validation of a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder: The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale.1987The scope of rape: Incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of higher education students.1993Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women.1982Sexual Experiences Survey: A research instrument investigating sexual aggression and victimization.1988Disclosure of traumas and immune function: Health implications for psychotherapy.1981Preliminary development of a scale of social support: Studies on college students 1985Sexual Experiences Survey: Reliability and validity.

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2007Social Bonds and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 2016“I Still Feel Like I Am Not Normal”: A Review of the Role of Stigma and Stigmatization Among Female Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault, and Intimate Partner Violence 2003Gender, social support, and PTSD in victims of violent crime 2008The psychological impact of rape victims.

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