Article2003

The Relations of Parenting, Effortful Control, and Ego Control to Children's Emotional Expressivity

Nancy Eisenberg · Qing Zhou · Sandra H. Losoya · Richard A. Fabes · Stephanie A. Shepard · Bridget C. Murphy +3 more

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Early Childhood Education and Development Child and Animal Learning Development

Abstract

The relations of observed parental warmth and positive expressivity and children's effortful control and ego control with children's high versus low emotional expressivity were examined in a 2-wave study of 180 children (M age = 112.8 months). There were quadratic relations between adults' reports of children's emotional expressivity and effortful control; moderate expressivity was associated with high effortful control. Structural equation models supported the hypothesis that children's ego overcontrol (versus undercontrol) mediated the relation between parental warmth or positive expressivity and children's emotional expressivity, although parenting at the follow-up did not uniquely predict in children's expressivity after controlling for the relations in these constructs over time. The alternative hypothesis that children's ego overcontrol elicited positive parenting and expressivity also was supported.

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References

1932A Handbook of Child Psychology 1998Parental Socialization of Emotion 2001Investigations of Temperament at Three to Seven Years: The Children's Behavior Questionnaire 1999The two general activation systems of affect: Structural findings, evolutionary considerations, and psychobiological evidence.2000Effortful control in early childhood: Continuity and change, antecedents, and implications for social development.2018Advances in Child Development and Behavior 2000Temperament and personality: Origins and outcomes.2016Handbook of Social Psychology

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