Exploring exercise behavior, intention and habit strength relationships

Gert‐Jan de Bruijn · Ryan E. Rhodes

95 citations0/0 files storedScandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports

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Behavioral Health and Interventions Physical Activity and Health Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the relevance of integrating exercise habit strength within the framework of the theory of planned behavior. Data were obtained from 538 undergraduate students [mean age=21.19 (SD=2.57); 28.4% males] using validated questionnaires and analyzed using regression analysis and discriminant function analysis. Findings indicated that exercise has both a cognitive and an automatic component and that stronger exercise habits make exercise less intentional, with the intention-exercise relationship nearly three times stronger at lower levels of exercise habit strength than at higher levels. Further, outcome expectancies regarding health and weight management resulting from sufficient exercise did not significantly differ between most profiles that were created from exercise behavior, motivation and habit strength. The results from this study demonstrate the usefulness of incorporating measures of exercise habit strength in order to further our understanding of relevant determinants of exercise behavior. Results also indicate that health outcomes of sufficient exercise are generally well known, implying that persuasive strategies should rather shift in emphasis toward instilling a sense of exercise confidence in various situations. This potentially valuable information may allow for a more thorough understanding of exercise determinants and the development of more effective interventions that target increased exercise levels.

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References

1991The theory of planned behavior 1997The Psychology of Attitudes 2002Intention—Behavior Relations: A Conceptual and Empirical Review 1998Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior.2002A Meta-Analytic Review of the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior in Physical Activity: Predictive Validity and the Contribution of Additional Variables 2006Interventions to Break and Create Consumer Habits 2007Interpersonal Behavior 1998Predicting Behavior From Actions in the Past: Repeated Decision Making or a Matter of Habit?

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