Article2007

Agency and communion from the perspective of self versus others.

1,298 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Personality Traits and Psychology Social and Intergroup Psychology Cultural Differences and Values

Abstract

On the basis of previous research, the authors hypothesize that (a) person descriptive terms can be organized into the broad dimensions of agency and communion of which communion is the primary one; (b) the main distinction between these dimensions pertains to their profitability for the self (agency) vs. for other persons (communion); hence, agency is more desirable and important in the self-perspective, and communion is more desirable and important in the other-perspective; (c) self-other outcome dependency increases importance of another person's agency. Study 1 showed that a large number of trait names can be reduced to these broad dimensions, that communion comprises more item variance, and that agency is predicted by self-profitability and communion by other-profitability. Studies 2 and 3 showed that agency is more relevant and desired for self, and communion is more relevant and desired for others. Study 4 showed that agency is more important in a close friend than an unrelated peer, and this difference is completely mediated by the perceived outcome dependency.

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References

1991Culture and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation 1969The Handbook of Social Psychology 1992The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure.2018Culture's Consequences 1946Forming impressions of personality.1999THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS, GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY, AND CAREER SUCCESS ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN 1961FORMING IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONALITY 1997Higher-order factors of the Big Five.

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