Articlebronze2013

Association between socioeconomic factors and sleep quality in an urban population-based sample in Germany

M Anders · Jürgen Breckenkamp · Maria Blettner · Brigitte Schlehofer · Gabriele Berg‐Beckhoff

76 citations0/0 files storedEuropean Journal of Public Health

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Good sleep quality is essential for recovery. The risk factors of sleep disorders have been extensively investigated, but there is sparse information on the association of socioeconomic factors with a person's sleep quality. The aim of the present analysis is to investigate this association, taking particularly the effect of health confounders into consideration. METHODS: The data were extracted from the cross-sectional QUEBEB Study. In total, the study sample consisted of 3281 participants (1817 women and 1464 men, aged 16-72 years). Here socioeconomic status (SES) was collected from the baseline survey taken in 2004. Sleep quality for the same participants was measured with in-depth personal interviews in 2006 using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, together with other relevant characteristics (e.g. anxiety, depression and health status). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: People living in an urban environment with a high or medium SES have a greater probability of good sleep quality (odds ratio 1.65, 95% confidence interval 1.27-2.14; odds ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval 1.16-1.69) than persons with a low SES. Anxiety and depression, but also health status, are also associated with sleep quality and can influence in part the socioeconomic levels seen in sleep quality. CONCLUSION: SES and sleep quality are associated. However, there are important additional determinants that influence the level of association between SES and sleep quality. Several factors, such as anxiety, depression and health status, are associated with poorer sleep quality, but at the same time, these factors occur more often within lower social classes.

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References

1989The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research 2002Test–retest reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in primary insomnia 2006Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation: An Unmet Public Health Problem 2008Relationships Between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Clinical/Polysomnographic Measures in a Community Sample 2003Healthy Older Adults’ Sleep Predicts All-Cause Mortality at 4 to 19 Years of Follow-Up 2006Objectively Measured Sleep Characteristics among Early-Middle-Aged Adults 2010Who gets the best sleep? Ethnic and socioeconomic factors related to sleep complaints 2011Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Deutsche Version (HADS-D)

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