Article2003

Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language

Richard Clément · Susan C. Baker · Peter D. MacIntyre

442 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Language and Social Psychology

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EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies

Abstract

Past research has focused primarily on second language (L2) acquisition as a tool for promoting intercultural communication. The social context model, for example, stresses the importance of contact, L2 confidence, and identity in acquiring a L2. The willingness to communicate (WTC) model, however, emerged from a concern with the functions of L2 use. This study combines these two models to consider both contextual and individual difference variables in L2 use. Participants were 130 Anglophone (majority) and 248 Francophone (minority) students attending a Canadian bilingual university. Path analyses supported a model in which context, individual, and social factors were all important determinants of L2 use, although patterns of relations differed depending on the ethnolinguistic vitality of the group. The importance of subjective norms was further confirmed as moderators of the relationship between L2 confidence and identity among Francophones. Results are discussed within the context of current models of intergroup communication.

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References

1975Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research 1992Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit 1986Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety 1981Principles of Language Learning and Teaching 1985Social psychology and second language learning : the role of attitudes and motivation 1998Conceptualizing Willingness to Communicate in a L2: A Situational Model of L2 Confidence and Affiliation 2014Individual Differences in Second Language Learning 1994The Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language

Cited by

2010The Way They Speak: A Social Psychological Perspective on the Stigma of Nonnative Accents in Communication 2010A Dynamic System Approach to Willingness to Communicate: Developing an Idiodynamic Method to Capture Rapidly Changing Affect 2003Anxiety and predictors of performance in the foreign language classroom 2011Investigating situational willingness to communicate within second language classrooms from an ecological perspective 2020The role of grit and classroom enjoyment in EFL learners’ willingness to communicate

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