Hospital Staff Nurses' Work Hours, Meal Periods, and Rest Breaks

Amy Witkoski Stimpfel · Victoria Vaughan Dickson

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Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces Nursing education and management

Abstract

Registered nurses are the largest group of health care providers in the United States. To provide 24-hour care, hospital staff nurses often work long hours and consecutive shifts, without adequate meal or rest breaks. Serious declines in functioning related to provider fatigue can lead to safety issues for patients and nurses alike. The occupational health nurse can assess the effects of nurses' work hours and break periods on employee health, educate staff on the importance of sleep and deleterious effects of fatigue, and implement programs to improve the work environment. This article examines nurses' work hours, break and meal period laws and regulations, and the role of the occupational health nurse in caring for this group of employees. Overall findings suggest that the expertise of an occupational health nurse in the hospital setting could significantly improve the health and safety of staff nurses.

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2003The Cumulative Cost of Additional Wakefulness: Dose-Response Effects on Neurobehavioral Functions and Sleep Physiology From Chronic Sleep Restriction and Total Sleep Deprivation 1997Cumulative Sleepiness, Mood Disturbance, and Psychomotor Vigilance Performance Decrements During a Week of Sleep Restricted to 4–5 Hours per Night 2007Behavioral and Physiological Consequences of Sleep Restriction 2008Sleep Deprivation and Vigilant Attention 2005Sustained sleep restriction reduces emotional and physical well-being 2006Effects of Critical Care Nurses’ Work Hours on Vigilance and Patients’ Safety 1999Dose-response Relationship Between Sleep Duration and Human Psychomotor Vigilance and Subjective Alertness 2005Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Work-Related Fatigue and Recovery: The Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion/Recovery Scale (OFER)

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