Deaths Caused by Physical Restraints

Miles Sh · Patrick W. Irvine

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Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints Elder Abuse and Neglect Restraint-Related Deaths

Abstract

A retrospective analysis of 122 deaths caused by vest and strap restraints found that most victims were women (78%) and a median age of 81. Victims were found suspended from chairs (42%) or beds (58%); 83% were in nursing homes. Detailed analysis of 19 cases showed that all were demented, 13 had impulsive or involuntary movements, and 14 had recently tried to escape from a restraint or been found in a dangerous position while restrained. Restraints are an underrecognized, underreported, avoidable, and proximate cause of at least 1 of every 1,000 nursing home deaths.

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1997A Clinical Trial to Reduce Restraints in Nursing Homes 2005Why do we use physical restraints in the elderly?2007Prevalence and Variation of Physical Restraint Use in Acute Care Settings in the US 2019Physical Harm and Death in the Context of Coercive Measures in Psychiatric Patients: A Systematic Review 2004British Association of Critical Care Nurses Position statement on the use of restraint in adult critical care units 2003Deaths associated with restraint use in health and social care in the UK. The results of a preliminary survey 2005Use of Physical Restraints in Adult Critical Care: A Bicultural Study 2003A prospective study of the complication rate of use of patient restraint in the emergency department

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