Mental Illness, Previous Suicidality, and Access to Guns in the United States

Mark Andrew Ilgen · Kara Zivin · Ryan J. McCammon · Marcia M. Valenstein

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Gun Ownership and Violence Research Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Mental Health Treatment and Access

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between mental disorders, prior suicidality, and access to guns and gun safety in the U.S. population. METHODS: Using data from adult participants (N=5,692) from the National Comorbidity Survey: Replication (NCS-R), this study examined relationships between mental disorders, past suicidality, and gun access and safety practices. RESULTS: Individuals with lifetime mental disorders (N=3,528) were as likely as those without (N=2,034) to have access to a gun (34.1% versus 36.3%; odds ratio [OR]=.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]=.8-1.1), carry a gun (4.8% versus 5.0%; OR=1.0, CI=.7-1.40), or store a gun in an unsafe manner (6.2% versus 7.3%; OR=.9, CI=.5-1.4). However, individuals with a prior suicide attempt were less likely than those without such an attempt to have access to a gun (23.8% versus 36.0%; OR=.6, CI=.5-.8). CONCLUSIONS: Given the previously established relationship between mental health risk factors and suicide, this study highlights the need to assess for gun access among high-risk individuals.

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2005Suicide Prevention Strategies 2004The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS‐R): design and field procedures 1992Suicide in the Home in Relation to Gun Ownership 2005Gun Storage Practices and Risk of Youth Suicide and Unintentional Firearm Injuries 2002Characteristics of Impulsive Suicide Attempts and Attempters 2004Psychiatric Diagnoses and Suicide: Revisiting the Evidence 2007Household Firearm Ownership and Rates of Suicide Across the 50 United States

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