Can family or replacement blood donors become regular volunteer donors?

Kwame Asenso‐Mensah · Gifty Achina · Rita Appiah · Shirley Owusu‐Ofori · Jean‐Pierre Allain

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Blood donation and transfusion practices Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering Organ Donation and Transplantation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) confirmed viral marker prevalence between family donors (FDs) and first-time volunteer nonremunerated donors (VNRDs) is similar. In a blood service collecting 10 units/1000 inhabitants, a questionnaire examined FD donation conditions and willingness of becoming repeat VNRDs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Four areas were explored: circumstances of visit to hospital, external pressure, experience of donating, and potential repeat donation. After donation and consent, research assistants administered 25 questions and, according to literacy, helped with translation and completion. RESULTS: Of 513 FDs, three-fourths were males (median age, 27 years). Only 1.3% were unemployed and more than 50% were students or teachers. Ties with hospitalized patient were family (76%), friends (13%), colleagues, or sharing place of worship (10%). Donating blood was the reason for visiting in 16.8% and 20.9% had previously donated blood probably as FDs. In one-third of FDs, the family asked for donation of which 10% was pressured by the unjustified reason that not donating was endangering the patient's life. For two-thirds of FDs, donation was given "because individuals were asked." Donation was a positive experience for 77% of donors, 62% being interested in predonation testing. Repeating donation was acceptable for 99% of 79% FDs answering. DISCUSSION: FDs are active in the population, are willing to donate blood if asked, are submitted to little pressure, do not receive incentives, and accept repeat donation. Except for circumstances of donation, FDs are not different from VNRDs and more directly motivated. They constitute a legitimate and important source to improve the blood supply in SSA.

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References

2009The blood donor in sub-Saharan Africa: a review 2012Expert Consensus Statement on achieving self‐sufficiency in safe blood and blood products, based on voluntary non‐remunerated blood donation (VNRBD)*2001Screening for viral markers in volunteer and replacement blood donors in West Africa 2010Payment, compensation and replacement - the ethics and motivation of blood and plasma donation 2011Moving on from voluntary non‐remunerated donors: who is the best blood donor?2009Relative safety of first‐time volunteer and replacement donors in West Africa 2007Reducing replacement donors in Sub‐Saharan Africa: challenges and affordability 2003Serological findings amongst first‐time blood donors in Yaoundé, Cameroon: is safe donation a reality or a myth?

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2016Blood donation and altruism: the mechanisms of altruism approach 2016Tapping into a vital resource: Understanding the motivators and barriers to blood donation in Sub-Saharan Africa 2022Status of hospital-based blood transfusion services in low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional international survey 2017Consequences of centralised blood bank policies in sub-Saharan Africa

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