Articlediamond2012

Validation of the GAD-7 (Malay version) among women attending a primary care clinic in Malaysia

Sherina Mohd Sidik · Bruce Arroll · Felicity Goodyear‐Smith

127 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Primary Health Care

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Mental Health Treatment and Access Health Education and Validation

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Anxiety is a common mental health disorder in primary care, with a higher prevalence among women compared to men. AIM: This is the first study to validate the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7) as a case-finding instrument for anxiety in a primary care setting in Malaysia. The objective was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Malay version of the GAD-7 in detecting anxiety among women. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a government-funded primary care clinic in Malaysia. Consecutive women participants attending the clinic during data collection were given self-administered questionnaires including the GAD-7 (Malay version). Participants then were selected using systematic weighted random sampling for Composite International Diagnostic Interviews (CIDI). The GAD-7 was validated against the CIDI reference standard. RESULTS: The response rate was 87.5% for the questionnaire completion (895/1023), and 96.8% for diagnostic interviews (151/156). The prevalence of anxiety was 7.8%. The GAD-7 had a sensitivity of 76% (95% CI 61%-87%), a specificity of 94% (88%-97%), positive LR 13.7 (6.2-30.5) and negative LR 0.25 (0.14-0.45). DISCUSSION: The Malay version of the GAD-7 was found to be valid and reliable in case-finding for anxiety in this study. Due to its brevity, it is a suitable case-finding instrument for detecting anxiety in primary care settings in Malaysia.

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References

2000Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures 1988A user's guide to the General Health Questionnaire 2004The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)2007Anxiety Disorders in Primary Care: Prevalence, Impairment, Comorbidity, and Detection 2008Validation and Standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the General Population 1997The validity of two versions of the GHQ in the WHO study of mental illness in general health care 2003Towards Complete and Accurate Reporting of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy: The STARD Initiative 1994Reliability and validity studies of the WHO-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI): A critical review

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2015Prevalence, associated factors and predictors of anxiety: a community survey in Selangor, Malaysia 2014Prevalence, Associated Factors and Predictors of Depression among Adults in the Community of Selangor, Malaysia 2012Criterion validity of the PHQ-9 (Malay version) in a primary care clinic in Malaysia.2018Factorial Validity and Invariance of the 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) Among Populations With and Without Self-Reported Psychiatric Diagnostic Status

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