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Shadow Education: Comparative Perspectives on the Expansion and Implications of Private Supplementary Tutoring

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References

1992Shadow Education and Allocation in Formal Schooling: Transition to University in Japan601 cited
2006Private supplementary tutoring: comparative perspectives on patterns and implications287 cited
2009Confronting the Shadow Education System: What government policies for what private tutoring?239 cited
2011The Challenge of Shadow Education: Private Tutoring and its Implications for Policy Makers in the European Union191 cited
2004School Choice by Default? Understanding the Demand for Private Tutoring in Canada165 cited
2009Private Tutoring in English for Secondary School Students in Bangladesh157 cited
2010Revisiting The Chinese Learner145 cited

Cited by

2016Regulating private tutoring consumption in Korea: Lessons from another failure66 cited
2020Effectiveness of private tutoring during secondary schooling in Germany: Do the duration of private tutoring and tutor qualification affect school achievement?59 cited
2018Teacher or friend? – consumer narratives on private supplementary tutoring in Sweden as policy enactment51 cited
2022Peers’ Private Tutoring and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Quasi-Experimental Evidence From Secondary Schools in South Korea47 cited
2021Learning in the shadows: parents’ investments, family burden, and students’ workload in Dhaka, Bangladesh45 cited
2021Revisiting Cambodian Private Tutoring: Insights Into Teachers’ Professional Misconduct

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24 cited

2024Effects of the “double reduction” policy on the commercial tutoring sector in China22 cited

2021The Heterogeneous Effects of Participation in Shadow Education on Mental Health of High School Students in Taiwan19 cited

2017The Effect of After-School Classes on Private Tuition, Mental Health and Academic Outcomes: Evidence from Korea19 cited

2022A Review of Shadow Education18 cited

2020Worldwide Shadow Education Epidemic and Its Move toward Shadow Curriculum16 cited

2024A bibliometric analysis of the evolving mechanisms of shadow education research12 cited

2023Education investment “rat race” in China: how income inequality shapes family investment in shadow education11 cited

2025The Role of Maternal Influence on Children’s Extra-curricular Music Learning in China3 cited