Articlebronze2011

The Bidirectional Association Between Daytime Affect and Nighttime Sleep in Youth With Anxiety and Depression

Jennifer C. Cousins · Diana J. Whalen · Ronald E. Dahl · Erika E. Forbes · Thomas M. Olino · Neal D. Ryan +1 more

147 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Pediatric Psychology

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study examines relationships between affect and sleep in youth with affective disorders using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). METHODS: Participants included 94 youth, ages 8-16 (M = 11.73, 53% female) years with an anxiety disorder only (n = 23), primary major depressive disorder (with and without a secondary anxiety diagnoses; n = 42), and healthy controls (n = 29). A cell phone EMA protocol assessed affect and actigraphy measured sleep. RESULTS: The patterns of bidirectional relationships between affect and sleep differed across diagnostic groups. Higher daytime positive affect and positive to negative affect ratios were associated with more time in bed during the subsequent night for youth with primary depression and less time in bed for youth with anxiety only. More time asleep was associated with more positive affect for both diagnostic groups the following day. CONCLUSIONS: This relationship may be important to consider in the treatment of youth affective disorders.

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References

1988Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.1988Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.1997Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): Initial Reliability and Validity Data 2007Ecological Momentary Assessment 2005Positive Affect and the Complex Dynamics of Human Flourishing.1992Automatic Sleep/Wake Identification From Wrist Activity 2002Pathways to adolescent health sleep regulation and behavior 1999Estimating Sleep Patterns with Activity Monitoring in Children and Adolescents: How Many Nights Are Necessary for Reliable Measures?

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