Additive trilingualism: Evidence from the Basque Country

Jasone Cenoz · José Valencia

278 citations0/0 files storedApplied Psycholinguistics

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Multilingual Education and Policy EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning Second Language Learning and Teaching

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research examines the influence of bilingualism on third language learning in a bilingual community, the Basque Country. The English-language achievement of students instructed through the majority (Spanish) and the minority (Basque) languages in the Basque Country was measured. In addition, other cognitive, sociostructural, social psychological, and educational variables were also included in the study. Several sets of regression analyses were carried out to analyze the role of bilingual education. The results indicated that bilingualism and several other variables (intelligence, motivation, age, and exposure) were good predictors of English-language achievement. This research suggests, then, that immersion in the minority language for Spanish-speaking students and school reinforcement of the native language for Basque-speaking students have positive linguistic outcomes.

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References

1979Linguistic Interdependence and the Educational Development of Bilingual Children 1994Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 1962The relation of bilingualism to intelligence.1980Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations.1993Language : Contexts and consequences. By Howard Giles and Nikolas Coupland. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 1991. Pp. xvi, 244. Paper $21.00.1981Age on Arrival and Immigrant Second Language Learning in Canada: A Reassessment1 1989A Conceptual Framework for the Integration of Language and Content in Second/Foreign Language Instruction 1982Evaluating Bilingual Education: A Canadian Case Study

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