Built Environment and 1-Year Change in Weight and Waist Circumference in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Portland Neighborhood Environment and Health Study

Fuzhong Li · Peter Harmer · Bradley J. Cardinal · Deborah Johnson-Shelton · Alan C. Acock · Naruepon Vongjaturapat

165 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Epidemiology

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet Urban Green Space and Health

Abstract

This study examined neighborhood built environment characteristics (fast-food restaurant density, walkability) and individual eating-out and physical activity behaviors in relation to 1-year change in body weight among adults 50-75 years of age at baseline. The authors surveyed 1,145 residents recruited from 120 neighborhoods in Portland, Oregon. During the 1-year follow-up (2006-2007 to 2007-2008), mean weight increased by 1.72 kg (standard deviation, 4.3) and mean waist circumference increased by 1.76 cm (standard deviation, 5.6). Multilevel analyses revealed that neighborhoods with a high density of fast-food outlets were associated with increases of 1.40 kg in weight (P<0.05) and 2.04 cm in waist circumference (P<0.05) among residents who visited fast-food restaurants frequently. In contrast, high-walkability neighborhoods were associated with decreases of 1.2 kg in weight (P<0.05) and 1.57 cm in waist circumference (P<0.05) among residents who increased their levels of vigorous physical activity during the 1-year assessment period. Findings point to the negative influences of the availability of neighborhood fast-food outlets and individual unhealthy eating behaviors that jointly affect weight gain; however, better neighborhood walkability and increased levels of physical activity are likely to be associated with maintaining a healthy weight over time.

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References

2004Obesity relationships with community design, physical activity, and time spent in cars 2005Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured urban form 2003Relationship between Urban Sprawl and Physical Activity, Obesity, and Morbidity 2007The Built Environment and Obesity 2007Neighborhood Walkability and the Walking Behavior of Australian Adults 2007Association of the Built Environment With Physical Activity and Obesity in Older Persons 2008The Relation between Neighborhood Built Environment and Walking Activity among Older Adults 2007The Urban Built Environment and Obesity in New York City: A Multilevel Analysis

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