Further Investigation of Traumatic Brain Injury Versus Insufficient Effort with the California Verbal Learning Test

Jerry J. Sweet

87 citations0/0 files storedArchives of Clinical Neuropsychology

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Deception detection and forensic psychology Traumatic Brain Injury Research Psychological Testing and Assessment

Abstract

The present study replicates and attempts to extend previous research using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) to identify malingerers. Documented moderate and severe traumatic brain injury patients (n = 42) were compared with clinical malingerers identified by criteria other than the CVLT (n = 21), malingering simulators instructed in realistic potential injury sequelae (n = 25), and normal controls (n = 21). Results of discriminant function analyses for high and low base rates are reported, showing similar results. Also, the four individual cutoff scores (Recognition Hits, Discriminability, Total Words Recalled, Long Delay Cued Recall) from Millis, Putnam, Adams, and Ricker (1995) were evaluated with these groups. Similar specificity rates were found with all four variables, while sensitivity rates were slightly lower than that of Millis. Adjusted cutoffs derived from the new samples resulted in slightly improved overall classification rates. Overall, present findings support those of Millis et al. (1995) with regard to the use of the CVLT in detection of malingering. Exploratory use of Total Intrusions and Recognition Hits Compared to Long Delay Free Recall was not promising. Simulators were found to be fairly comparable in performance to actual malingerers, affirming their use in malingering research.

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References

1993Feigning neuropsychological impairment: A critical review of methodological and clinical considerations 1994Neuropsychological assessment and malingering: A critical review of past and present strategies 1993Malingering and other validity considerations in the neuropsychological evaluation of mild head injury 1995The California Verbal Learning Test in the detection of incomplete effort in neuropsychological evaluation.1995Identification of malingered head injury on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Revised.1992The recognition memory test in the detection of malingered and exaggerated memory deficits 1993Identification of malingered head injury on the Wechsler Memory Scale--Revised.1994Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of malingered and other invalid WAIS-R and clinical memory data

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