Maori and Pakeha English: Some New Zealand social dialect data

Janet Holmes

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Linguistic Variation and Morphology Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity

Abstract

ABSTRACT Aspects of the extent and nature of the influence of the Maori language on English in New Zealand are explored here within a broad sociolinguistic framework. The current sociolinguistic distribution of Maori and English in New Zealand society is described, and typical users and uses of the variety known as Maori English are identified. Characteristics of Maori English are outlined as background to a detailed examination of the distribution of three phonological features among speakers of Pakeha (European) and Maori background. These features appear to reflect the influence of the Maori language, and could be considered substratum features in a variety serving to signal Maori identity or positive attitudes toward Maori values. Moreover, Maori English may be a source of innovation in the New Zealand English (NZE) of Pakehas, providing features which contribute to the distinctiveness of NZE compared with other international varieties. (Social dialectology, ethnic identity, Maori English, New Zealand English, language change)

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References

1984Language style as audience design 1963An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English 1997Women, men and politeness . By Janet Holmes. (Real language series.) London: Longman, 1995. Pp viii, 254.1992The Cambridge History of the English Language 1986On dialect: Social and geographical perspectives . By Peter Trudgill. New York: New York University Press, 1983. Pp. viii, 240. $27.50.1990New Zealand ways of speaking English 1992Linguistic change in intonation: The use of high rising terminals in New Zealand English 2015Cross-Cultural Encounters 1200–1750

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