Article2009

Early Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With and Without Tics

Maria Alice de Mathis · Juliana Belo Diniz · Roseli Gedanke Shavitt · Albina Rodrigues Torres · Ygor Arzeno Ferrão · Victor Fossaluza +3 more

60 citations0/0 files storedCNS Spectrums

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Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Research suggests that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is not a unitary entity, but rather a highly heterogeneous condition, with complex and variable clinical manifestations. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to compare clinical and demographic characteristics of OCD patients with early and late age of onset of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS); and to compare the same features in early onset OCD with and without tics. The independent impact of age at onset and presence of tics on comorbidity patterns was investigated. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty consecutive outpatients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for OCD were evaluated: 160 patients belonged to the "early onset" group (EOG): before 11 years of age, 75 patients had an "intermediate onset" (IOG), and 95 patients were from the "late onset" group (LOG): after 18 years of age. From the 160 EOG, 60 had comorbidity with tic disorders. The diagnostic instruments used were: the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS), Yale Global Tics Severity Scale, and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-patient edition. Statistical tests used were: Mann-Whitney, full Bayesian significance test, and logistic regression. RESULTS: The EOG had a predominance of males, higher frequency of family history of OCS, higher mean scores on the "aggression/violence" and "miscellaneous" dimensions, and higher mean global DY-BOCS scores. Patients with EOG without tic disorders presented higher mean global DY-BOCS scores and higher mean scores in the "contamination/cleaning" dimension. CONCLUSION: The current results disentangle some of the clinical overlap between early onset OCD with and without tics.

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References

1989The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale 1989The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: Initial Testing of a Clinician-Rated Scale of Tic Severity 1995A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder 1997Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder 2000A Family Study of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder 2004A critical evaluation of obsessive–compulsive disorder subtypes: Symptoms versus mechanisms 2006The Dimensional Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS): an instrument for assessing obsessive–compulsive symptom dimensions 2001Adults With Early-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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