Domestic Violence against Women: A Case Study of District Jacobabad, Sindh Pakistan

Abstract

The research investigates the domestic violence against women in District Jacobabad Sindh Pakistan and how women are surviving in the domestic violence in Pakistan. According to General Assembly resolution violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women, which have led to domination over and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full advancement of women. Women in Pakistan encounter multiple forms of violence, most endemic form being domestic violence, which remains a pervasive phenomenon. Data were collected from both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The qualitative methods involved initial focus group meetings that were followed by the survey questionnaire. The focus groups were felt necessary in order to make the respondents themselves identify issues that could be explored further. An open-minded approach was adopted which guided the research throughout in both qualitative and quantitative methods. The survey questionnaire was more of an in depth interview because of the sensitive nature of the issues and therefore included open ended questions with certain inferences on the types of violence recorded on a quantitative sheet. Open ended questions elicited in-depth explanations of particular issues. It was revealed that most of the surveyed women were deprived from basic rights and the biggest challenge which they ae facing like early marriages, Watta Satta marriages. It was further revealed that the rural women is less confident and their husbands were always given them hard time once they are exposing themselves to outside the boundaries of the house. The biggest challenges which they were facing they were doing all business in house, lack of marketing facilities, Karo Kari criminal activities and they were deprived from the basic rights. The number of women who died of stove burns in the first six months of 1992 was 500 compared to 370 murders that took place at the same time. The study of women division in 1989 revealed that at least 50% of these deaths were murders linked to domestic disputes. The doctors at the Burn Unit of Mayo Hospital estimate that at least 60% of those women have been burnt by their husbands or in laws.There are some limitations in this research because most of the survey was conducted from male and female participation due to time constraints in the sample size. A survey by a Lahore NGO Aurat Foundation attributed 50% of these deaths to accidents and 50% to murder or suicide.

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