Effects of Stress on Judgment and Decision Making

Abstract

Abstract : This monograph (Part II) is the second of a planned three-part series. Following Part I, which examines four literatures related to judgment and decision making (J/DM) under stress, Part II narrows its focus to a detailed treatment of stress within the J/DM literature. Six sections are included: (a) an introduction, bridging Parts I and II, (b) a consideration of two principal topics (rationality and performance) in the J/DM literature in relation to stress, (c) an examination of current textbooks, anthologies, and reviews, as well as books and articles in the human factors field, with regard to their treatment of stress and J/DM, (d) a description of current J/DM theories and models and their potential utility for the study of J/DM under stress, (e) an examination of methodological issues bearing on research on J/DM under stress, and (f) the outline of a new approach intended to advance theory and method. The general conclusion drawn from the examination of the aforementioned material (including an additional several hundred articles not cited) is the same as that drawn from the work in Part I, namely, research is lacking in coherent theoretical background, diffuse in content, and completely lacking in secure generalizations. If progress is to be made with regard to this topic, critically important to the military and other sections of society, a resolute, comprehensive effort will have to be made, theoretically, methodologically, and empirically. Part III (forthcoming) will consist of an attempt to meet these goals.

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