Associations between night work and BMI, alcohol, smoking, caffeine and exercise - a cross-sectional study

Hogne Vikanes Buchvold · Ståle Pallesen · Nicolas Øyane · Bjørn Bjorvatn

137 citations0/0 files storedBMC Public Health

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Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue Circadian rhythm and melatonin Workplace Health and Well-being

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Shift work is associated with negative health effects. Increased prevalence of several cardiovascular risk factors among shift workers/night workers compared with day workers have been shown resulting in increased risk of cardiovascular events among shift workers and night workers. Previous studies have taken a dichotomous approach to the comparison between day and night workers. The present study uses a continuous approach and provides such a new perspective to the negative effects of night work load as a possible risk factor for undesirable health effects. METHODS: This cross sectional study (The SUrvey of Shift work, Sleep and Health (SUSSH)) uses data collected from December 2008 to March 2009. The study population consists of Norwegian nurses. The study collected information about demographic and lifestyle factors: Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption and exercise habits. The lifestyle parameters were evaluated using multiple hierarchical regression and binary logistic regression. Number of night shifts worked last year (NNL) was used as operationalization of night work load. Adjustment for possible confounders were made. Obesity was defined as BMI > 30. Alcohol Consumption was evaluated using the short form of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. RESULTS: We had data from 2059 nurses. NNL was significantly and positively associated with BMI, both when evaluated against BMI as a continuous parameter (Beta = .055, p < .05), and against obesity (OR = 1.01, 95 % CI = 1.00-1.01). The AUDIT-C score was significantly and positively associated with hours worked per week (OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found a positive significant association between night work load and BMI. This suggests that workers with a heavy night work load might need special attention and frequent health checks due to higher risk of undesirable health effects.

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References

2008Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research 2003Health disorders of shift workers 1999Shift work, risk factors and cardiovascular disease 2010Shift work and cardiovascular disease – pathways from circadian stress to morbidity 2010Eating and shift work – effects on habits, metabolism and performance 2009Rotating shift work and the metabolic syndrome: a prospective study 2007The association between sleep duration, body mass index and metabolic measures in the Hordaland Health Study 2009Incidence of metabolic syndrome among night-shift healthcare workers

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2020Night shift work, short sleep and obesity 2020Association between shift work and obesity among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis 2020Shiftwork and Alcohol Consumption: A Systematic Review of the Literature 2020Relationship between night shift work, eating habits and BMI among nurses in Lebanon 2019The association between night shift work and nutrition patterns among nurses: a literature review

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